The New Netherland Legal System and the Law of Twenty-First Century New York

The Document Based Question/essay prompt The New Netherland Legal System and the Law of Twenty-First Century New York was prepared in 2009 and the resources have not been updated since that time. For more information about recent legal developments, consult national and state newspapers, legal databases, and your librarian.

2009 marked the 400th anniversary of the Dutch discovery of New Netherland. The colony lasted for only half a century, but during those fifty years, the early settlers set up a vibrant community governed by Dutch law. New Netherland (now New York) and New Amsterdam (now New York City) were ruled by the Dutch West India Company, an armed commercial monopoly that operated under a charter from the Dutch government. Throughout the colony’s existence, its inhabitants sought to introduce the kind of representative government and legal system they had known in the Dutch homeland and, by 1653, they had largely succeeded.

This activity meets the following guidelines of New York State’s Common Core Social Studies Framework (2017):

Below is a list of the 2009 resources.

A Legal History of New Netherland

Historical Society of the New York Courts Read More ...

The Importance of Flushing

Russell Shorto New York Archives Magazine Read More ...

Religion in New Netherland, 1623-1664

Frederick J. Zwierlein Google Books Read More ...

Memorial History of the City of New York

James Grant Wilson Internet Archive Read More ...

History of New York State, 1523-1927

James Sullivan Google Books Read More ...

Before the English

Oliver A. Rink From The Empire State: A History of New York Google Books Read More ...

History of the City of New York

David T. Valentine Google Books Read More ...

History of New Netherland

Edmund Bailey O'Callaghan Google Books Read More ...

The Shame and the Sorrow

Donna Merwick Google Books Read More ...

In the Shadow of Slavery

Leslie M. Harris Google Books Read More ...

The Constitutional History of New York

Charles Z. Lincoln New York State Library Read More ...

History of the United States of America

Henry William Elson Google Books Read More ...

Historical Sketch of the Judicial Tribunals of New York

Charles P. Daly Google Books Read More ...

Courts and Lawyers of New York: A History, 1609-1925

Alden Chester with E. Melvin Williams Google Books Read More ...

A History of the United States

Edward Channing Google Books Read More ...

History of the State of New York

John R. Brodhead Google Books Read More ...

American Negro Slavery

Ulrich Phillips Bonnell Google Books Read More ...

A History of the United States and Its People from Their Earliest Records

Elroy McKendree Avery & William Abbatt Library of Congress Read More ...

 

Image Citation: The New York Public Library, The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Picture Collection.

The Blue and the Gray: New York During the Civil War

The Document Based Question/essay prompt The Blue and the Gray: New York During the Civil War was prepared in 2012 and the resources have not been updated since that time. For more information about recent legal developments, consult national and state newspapers, legal databases, and your librarian.

The Civil War was a defining moment in United States history. New York played a pivotal role in the war–it supplied more men, money, and materiel than any other state, North or South. The armies fought with newly invented weapons, many of them designed and build mainly in New York City. Technological developments in telegraphy (Western Union was a New York company) allowed war correspondents to speedily submit detailed reports from the battlefield, and newspapers published in New York influenced public opinion not only in this State but nationwide. New photographic processes allowed battlefield photographers, many of whom hailed from New York, to produce the first comprehensive photo-documentation of the war and brought home the reality of carnage and suffering on far away battlefields. With so many soldiers on the front lines, New York women became more involved in life outside the home, foreshadowing the suffrage and equal rights movements that would develop in the decades that followed.

This activity meets the following guidelines of New York State’s Common Core Social Studies Framework (2017):

  • Expansion, Nationalism, and Sectionalism: 11.3b11.3c
  • Civil Rights and Civil Liberties: 12.G2d
Below is a list of the 2012 resources, organized by resource type.

The Last Full Measure: Civil War Photographs from the Liljenquist Family Collection

Library of Congress This exhibition features Civil War-era ambrotype and tintype photographs of Union and Confederate soldiers. The collection’s detailed ...

New York in the War of Rebellion, 1861-1865

Frederick Phisterer New York State Library This six-volume set, compiled by Frederick Phisterer, provides detailed information on various aspects of ...

New York in the Civil War Resources

New York State Military Museum and Veterans Research Center Read More ...

The Blue and The Gray: Poem

Francis M. Finch From Atlantic Monthly The Blue and the Gray, a Civil War poem of reconciliation by Francis M ...

Disunion Series

The New York Times The Disunion series in the New York Times revisits and reconsiders America's most perilous period. It will use contemporary accounts, ...

The Civil War Homefront

Drew Gilpin Faust National Park Service "In a two-volume History of Woman Suffrage, published in 1882, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan ...

What’s Gender Got To Do With It?

Lillian Serece Williams From State of the Union: New York and the Civil War "Men and women, white and black, were ...

Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War (Third Geneva Convention, 1949)

International Committee of the Red Cross This authoritative commentary on the 1949 Geneva Conventions examines the Convention, article by article, ...

Moral Principles vs. Military Necessity: The First Code of Conduct During Warfare, Created by a Civil War-era Prussian Immigrant, Reflected Ambiguities We Struggle With Today

David Bosco From The American Scholar "Lieber's insistence that prisoners of war were not criminals but detainees entitled to certain ...

New York’s Andersonville: The Elmira Military Prison Camp

Lonnie R. Speer From State of the Union: New York and the Civil War "Today, however, we realize that there were ...

The Lieber Code

Prof. Francis Lieber United States War Department "As the number of prisoners of war grew during the American Civil War ...

New York State’s Civil War: New York’s Regiments of U.S. Colored Troops

New York Correction History Society Before becoming major bases of operations in New York City correction history, Rikers and Hart ...

Memorial to Robert Gould Shaw and the Massachusetts 54th Regiment

National Gallery of Art The 54th Massachusetts had strong New York connections--Frederick Douglass' two sons and the grandson of abolitionist ...

On the Organization of Colored Troops

Daniel Ullman Commanding General of the Corps D'Afrique "Mr. President, from what I have heard in Washington to-day, there seem ...

The Fight for Equal Rights: Black Soldiers in the Civil War

U.S. National Archives and Records Administration "The issues of emancipation and military service were intertwined from the onset of the ...

Civil Liberty in Time of War

Hon. William H. Rehnquist U.S. Supreme Court "The courts, for their par, have largely reserved the decisions favoring civil liberties ...

Military Arrests in New York

John A. Marshall From American Bastile: A History of Illegal Arrests Military arrests took place in New York too. In Franklin ...

Ex parte Merryman and Debates on Civil Liberties During the Civil War

Bruce A. Ragsdale Federal Judicial Center "A writ of habeas corpus...serves as a citizen's most important protection against unlawful imprisonment ...

Rebuttal: Abraham Lincoln, Civil Liberties and the New York Connection–The Corning Letter

Frank J. Williams From State of the Union: New York and the Civil War "If a situation were to arise again ...

New York City and the Civil War in 1863

Virtual New York "Though Union forces would ultimately prevail at Gettysburg, driving the Confederate army back to the South, tensions ...

The New York City Draft Riots of 1863

Leslie M. Harris From In the Shadow of Slavery: African Americans in New York City, 1626-1863 "In the month preceding ...

The Volcano Under the City: The Significance of Draft Rioting in New York City and State

Iver Bernstein From State of the Union: New York and the Civil War "In July 1863, at a crucial turning point ...

 

Image Citation: Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-4166.

The Evolution of Justice Along the Erie Canal

The Document Based Question/essay prompt The Evolution of Justice Along the Erie Canal was prepared in 2010 and the resources have not been updated since that time. For more information about recent legal developments, consult national and state newspapers, legal databases, and your librarian.

The Erie Canal proved to be the key that unlocked an enormous series of social and economic changes in the young nation. The Canal spurred the first great westward movement of American settlers, gave access to the rich land and resources west of the Appalachians, and made New York the preeminent commercial city in the United States.

This activity meets the following guidelines of New York State’s Common Core Social Studies Framework (2017):

  • Expansion, Nationalism, and Sectionalism: 11.3a
  • Civil Rights and Civil Liberties: 12.G2a, 12.G2c
Below is a list of the 2010 resources, searchable by resource type or theme.

The Erie Canal

History Website Read More ...

The Story of the New York State Canals: Historical and Commercial Information

Roy G. Finch New York State Engineer and Surveyor Read More ...

New York Court of Claims

Website Read More ...

Defining Activism on the Bench

Marcia Coyle The National Law Journal Read More ...

New York Commercial Division

New York State Supreme Court Read More ...

Lunney v. Prodigy Services Co.

94 N.Y.2d 242 Read More ...

Rombom v. Weberman

Supreme Court of the State of New York, Kings County Read More ...

Versaci v. Richie

30 A.D.3d 648 Read More ...

Civil Liability on the Internet

Jay C. Carle and Henry H. Perritt Jr. American Bar Association Read More Read through Your School or Library ...

The Erie Canal & the Transformation of American Law: Presentation

Prof. John Fabian Witt Watch the Presentation Segment begins 8:23 ...

An Outline of the Legal Terms Used in the Case Law of the Erie Canal

Historical Society of the New York Courts Read More ...

Subsidization of Economic Growth through the Legal System

Morton Horowitz From The Transformation of American Law, 1780-1860 Read More ...

The Erie Canal and The American Imagination: Essay

Leah Moren Green Alabama Law Review Read More ...

 

Image Citation: Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-DIG-det-4a26913.

The Legal Legacy of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire

The Document Based Question/essay prompt The Legal Legacy of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire was prepared in 2011 and the resources have not been updated since that time. For more information about recent legal developments, consult national and state newspapers, legal databases, and your librarian.

March 25, 2011 marked the centennial of the fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory, a terrible tragedy that took the lives of 146 young people. Public outrage at the callous disregard the factory owners exhibited toward the dangerous conditions in their factory led to a movement that culminated in the groundbreaking New York State worker protection legislation of the second decade of the 20th century. This, in turn, influenced much of the New Deal Legislation enacted in the 1930s.

This activity meets the following guidelines of New York State’s Common Core Social Studies Framework (2017):

  • Industrialization and Urbanization: 11.5b
  • Prosperity and Depression: 11.7c
  • Civil Rights and Civil Liberties: 12.G2d
  • Rights, Responsibilities, and Duties of Citizenship: 12.G3a
Below is a list of the 2011 resources.

Reports of the Factory Investigating Commission

Google Books The Factory Investigating Commission's reports on their findings are publicly available and provide insight into its work to ...

The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire: The Legal Legacy

Historical Society of the New York Courts We've prepared an article to give you an overview of the legal developments ...

New Deal Network

Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute This website contains the statement: for many New Dealers, March 25, 1911 was, as Secretary of ...

Factory Investigating Commission: Digital Archive

New York State Archives New York State Archives' website contains a wealth of information about the work of the New ...

Working Lives: A Guide to the Records of the New York State Factory Investigating Commission in the New York State Archives and Records Administration

New York State Archives New York State Archives' website contains a wealth of information about the work of the New ...

Remembering the 1911 Triangle Factory Fire

Kheel Center, School of Industrial and Labor Relations at Cornell University In this wonderful resource, you will find an overview ...

 

Image Citation: History of the Needlecraft Industry by Ernest Fiene, 1938. The mural was commissioned by the International Ladies Garment Workers Union (ILGW) and was painted on a wall of the auditorium in New York High School of Fashion and Industry, a collection of the New York City Department of Education. Public Art for Public Schools, NYC School Construction Authority.

Exploring Existing Knowledge/Learning about Courts

in Reading and Writing Legal History: Privacy & Reproductive Rights
Lesson 1

Created by Dr. Julia Rose Kraut, Inaugural Judith S. Kaye Teaching Fellow

NYS Common Core Grades 11 & 12: United States History and Government Participation in Government and Civics

In a series of lessons, taught together or individually, students will gain a greater understanding of the legal history of reproductive rights and privacy while also learning how to read and analyze court decisions and to incorporate law and legal history into future research projects.

The purpose of this lesson is to learn more about what the students think or know about privacy and reproductive rights and for students to feel comfortable discussing those topics. 

This lesson plan meets the following guidelines of New York State’s Common Core Social Studies Framework (2017):


Unit Overview PDF

Court Structure Chart PDF

Unit Recommended Resources & References PDF


Lesson Resources

New York Court System Structure

Federal Court System Structure

Legal Term Glossary


Case Brief Structure PDF

Case Brief Worksheet PDF


The Historical Society’s website contains a wealth of related resources, including mini-biographies of judges involved in the case.

People v. Sanger and the Birth of Family Planning Clinics in America 
Judicial Notice Article

Hon. Frederick E. Crane
Court of Appeals Judge
Wrote the majority opinion of 
People v. Sanger

Hon. Frank H. Hiscock
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. William S. Andrews
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Benjamin N. Cardozo
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Emory A. Chase 
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Frederick Collin 
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. John W. Hogan
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with result

Image Citation: Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-98961.

 
Close Reading and Analysis of Legal History Article Lesson 2

Close Reading and Analysis of Legal History Article

in Reading and Writing Legal History: Privacy & Reproductive Rights
Lesson 2

Created by Dr. Julia Rose Kraut, Inaugural Judith S. Kaye Teaching Fellow

NYS Common Core Grades 11 & 12: United States History and Government Participation in Government and Civics

In a series of lessons, taught together or individually, students will gain a greater understanding of the legal history of reproductive rights and privacy while also learning how to read and analyze court decisions and to incorporate law and legal history into future research projects.

The purpose of this lesson is to analyze People v. Sanger and the Birth of Family Planning Clinics in America by Maria Vullo (Judicial Notice, Issue 13), while placing the case and the Birth Control Movement in historical context. 

This lesson plan meets the following guidelines of New York State’s Common Core Social Studies Framework (2017):


Unit Overview PDF

Court Structure Chart PDF

Unit Recommended Resources & References PDF


Lesson Resources

People v. Sanger and the Birth of Family Planning Clinics in America by Maria T. Vullo

Griswold v. Connecticut Supreme Court Opinion

Legal Term Glossary


Case Brief Structure PDF

Case Brief Worksheet PDF


The Historical Society’s website contains a wealth of related resources, including mini-biographies of judges involved in the case.

People v. Sanger and the Birth of Family Planning Clinics in America 
Judicial Notice Article

Hon. Frederick E. Crane
Court of Appeals Judge
Wrote the majority opinion of 
People v. Sanger

Hon. Frank H. Hiscock
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. William S. Andrews
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Benjamin N. Cardozo
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Emory A. Chase 
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Frederick Collin 
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. John W. Hogan
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with result

Image Citation: Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-DIG-ggbain-20859.

Exploring Existing Knowledge/Learning about Courts Lesson 1
Legal Decision Reading and Case Brief: Griswold v. Connecticut Lesson 3

Legal Decision Reading and Case Brief: Griswold v. Connecticut

in Reading and Writing Legal History: Privacy & Reproductive Rights
Lesson 3

Created by Dr. Julia Rose Kraut, Inaugural Judith S. Kaye Teaching Fellow

NYS Common Core Grades 11 & 12: United States History and Government Participation in Government and Civics

In a series of lessons, taught together or individually, students will gain a greater understanding of the legal history of reproductive rights and privacy while also learning how to read and analyze court decisions and to incorporate law and legal history into future research projects.

The purpose of this lesson is to explore reading legal decisions and writing case briefs through Griswold v. Connecticut, a case dealing rights to privacy and due process, as well as make connections to People v. Sanger from previous classes to reinforce the role of Margaret Sanger in the legal history of reproductive rights and protections. 

This lesson plan meets the following guidelines of New York State’s Common Core Social Studies Framework (2017):


Unit Overview PDF

Court Structure Chart PDF

Unit Recommended Resources & References PDF


Lesson Resources

Griswold v. Connecticut Supreme Court Opinion

Griswold v. Connecticut Oral Arguments

C-SPAN Landmark Case: Griswold v. Connecticut 


Case Brief Structure PDF

Case Brief Worksheet PDF


The Historical Society’s website contains a wealth of related resources, including mini-biographies of judges involved in the case.

People v. Sanger and the Birth of Family Planning Clinics in America 
Judicial Notice Article

Hon. Frederick E. Crane
Court of Appeals Judge
Wrote the majority opinion of 
People v. Sanger

Hon. Frank H. Hiscock
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. William S. Andrews
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Benjamin N. Cardozo
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Emory A. Chase 
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Frederick Collin 
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. John W. Hogan
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with result

Image Citation: Time & Life pictures, Lee Lockwood.

Close Reading and Analysis of Legal History Article Lesson 2
Legal Decision Reading and Case Brief: Roe v. Wade Lesson 4

Legal Decision Reading and Case Brief: Roe v. Wade

in Reading and Writing Legal History: Privacy & Reproductive Rights
Lesson 4

Created by Dr. Julia Rose Kraut, Inaugural Judith S. Kaye Teaching Fellow

NYS Common Core Grades 11 & 12: United States History and Government Participation in Government and Civics

In a series of lessons, taught together or individually, students will gain a greater understanding of the legal history of reproductive rights and privacy while also learning how to read and analyze court decisions and to incorporate law and legal history into future research projects.

The purpose of this lesson is to explore reading legal decisions and writing case briefs through Roe v. Wade, a case dealing rights to privacy and due process, as well as make connections to People v. Sanger from previous classes to reinforce the role of Margaret Sanger in the legal history of reproductive rights and protections. 

This lesson plan meets the following guidelines of New York State’s Common Core Social Studies Framework (2017):


Unit Overview PDF

Court Structure Chart PDF

Unit Recommended Resources & References PDF


Lesson Resources

Roe v. Wade Supreme Court Opinion

Roe v. Wade Oral Arguments

C-SPAN Landmark Case: Roe v. Wade 


Case Brief Structure PDF

Case Brief Worksheet PDF


The Historical Society’s website contains a wealth of related resources, including mini-biographies of judges involved in the case.

People v. Sanger and the Birth of Family Planning Clinics in America 
Judicial Notice Article

Hon. Frederick E. Crane
Court of Appeals Judge
Wrote the majority opinion of 
People v. Sanger

Hon. Frank H. Hiscock
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. William S. Andrews
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Benjamin N. Cardozo
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Emory A. Chase 
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Frederick Collin 
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. John W. Hogan
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with result

Image Citation: Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-U9- 32955-26.

Legal Decision Reading and Case Brief: Griswold v. Connecticut Lesson 3
Legal Precedent and History – Relevancy of Past to Present Lesson 5

Legal Precedent and History – Relevancy of Past to Present

in Reading and Writing Legal History: Privacy & Reproductive Rights
Lesson 5

Created by Dr. Julia Rose Kraut, Inaugural Judith S. Kaye Teaching Fellow

NYS Common Core Grades 11 & 12: United States History and Government Participation in Government and Civics

In a series of lessons, taught together or individually, students will gain a greater understanding of the legal history of reproductive rights and privacy while also learning how to read and analyze court decisions and to incorporate law and legal history into future research projects.

The purpose of this lesson is to make connections between People v. Sanger, Griswold v. Connecticut and Roe v. Wade, and examine what students have learned since the first lesson of the unit.

This lesson plan meets the following guidelines of New York State’s Common Core Social Studies Framework (2017):


Unit Overview PDF

Court Structure Chart PDF

Unit Recommended Resources & References PDF


Lesson Resources

People v. Sanger and the Birth of Family Planning Clinics in America by Maria T. Vullo

Griswold v. Connecticut Supreme Court Opinion

C-SPAN Landmark Case: Griswold v. Connecticut 

Roe v. Wade Supreme Court Opinion

C-SPAN Landmark Case: Roe v. Wade 


The Historical Society’s website contains a wealth of related resources, including mini-biographies of judges involved in the case.

People v. Sanger and the Birth of Family Planning Clinics in America 
Judicial Notice Article

Hon. Frederick E. Crane
Court of Appeals Judge
Wrote the majority opinion of 
People v. Sanger

Hon. Frank H. Hiscock
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. William S. Andrews
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Benjamin N. Cardozo
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Emory A. Chase 
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Frederick Collin 
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. John W. Hogan
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with result

Image Citation: Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division,  U.S. News & World Report Magazine Collection, LC-DIG-ppmsca-40977.

Legal Decision Reading and Case Brief: Roe v. Wade Lesson 4
Researching and Writing Legal History Lesson 6

Researching and Writing Legal History

in Reading and Writing Legal History: Privacy & Reproductive Rights
Lesson 6

Created by Dr. Julia Rose Kraut, Inaugural Judith S. Kaye Teaching Fellow

NYS Common Core Grades 11 & 12: United States History and Government Participation in Government and Civics

In a series of lessons, taught together or individually, students will gain a greater understanding of the legal history of reproductive rights and privacy while also learning how to read and analyze court decisions and to incorporate law and legal history into future research projects. The purpose of this lesson is to use the experience reading and analyzing the Vullo article and case law in order to explore writing and researching legal history, and learn how to write about court decisions and legal precedent.

This lesson plan meets the following guidelines of New York State’s Common Core Social Studies Framework (2017):


Unit Overview PDF

Court Structure Chart PDF

Unit Recommended Resources & References PDF


Lesson Resources

People v. Sanger and the Birth of Family Planning Clinics in America by Maria T. Vullo

Griswold v. Connecticut Supreme Court Opinion

C-SPAN Landmark Case: Griswold v. Connecticut 

Roe v. Wade Supreme Court Opinion

C-SPAN Landmark Case: Roe v. Wade 


The Historical Society’s website contains a wealth of related resources, including mini-biographies of judges involved in the case.

People v. Sanger and the Birth of Family Planning Clinics in America 
Judicial Notice Article

Hon. Frederick E. Crane
Court of Appeals Judge
Wrote the majority opinion of 
People v. Sanger

Hon. Frank H. Hiscock
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. William S. Andrews
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Benjamin N. Cardozo
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Emory A. Chase 
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. Frederick Collin 
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with majority opinion

Hon. John W. Hogan
Court of Appeals Judge
Concurred with result

Image Citation: Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-138888.

Legal Precedent and History – Relevancy of Past to Present Lesson 5
 

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